Cuerpos en rendimiento: tecnologías, autoseguimiento y conciliación trabajo-familia en mujeres académicas de alto desempeño
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5027/psicoperspectivas-Vol24-Issue2-fulltext-3450Palabras clave:
academia, cuidados, género, neoliberalismo, tecnologías digitalesResumen
La creciente incorporación de tecnologías inteligentes en la vida profesional ha transformado la forma en que se concilian trabajo, familia y rendimiento, especialmente entre mujeres académicas de alto desempeño. Este artículo examina el uso de tecnologías portátiles en este segmento, analizando su impacto en la experiencia cotidiana, de productividad y equilibrio trabajo-familia, para examinar las tensiones que aparecen con relación al uso de tecnologías portátiles para gestionar la conciliación trabajo-familia, a partir de la experiencia encarnada de mujeres académicas de alto desempeño. Desde un enfoque de los estudios críticos de la tecnología, se problematiza cómo estas herramientas, lejos de ser neutras, refuerzan normas corporales, afectivas y de género. A través de un análisis a 40 entrevistas a académicas científicas, se argumenta que el self-tracking puede actuar como tecnología de control y autoexigencia, aunque también habilita formas de reapropiación y resistencia. El artículo propone el uso crítico de las tecnologías para mirar la conciliación no como un problema individual, sino como una tensión estructural que exige transformaciones institucionales y culturales.
Citas
Aguado, J. M. (2020). Mediaciones ubicuas: ecosistema móvil, gestión de identidad y nuevo espacio público. Gedisa, Editorial, S.A.
Albaroudi, E., Mansouri, T., & Alameer, A. (2024). A comprehensive review of AI techniques for addressing algorithmic bias in job hiring. AI, 5(1), 383–404. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai5010019
Alvesson, M., Paulsen, R., & Gabriel, Y. (2017). Return to meaning: A social science with something to say (First edition). Oxford University Press.
Anthony, C. (2021). When knowledge work and analytical technologies collide: The practices and consequences of black boxing algorithmic technologies. Administrative Science Quarterly, 66(4), 1173–1212. https://doi.org/10.1177/00018392211016755
Asiah Md. Shahid, S., Amdan, S., Alwi, A., Syazreena, F., & Norlia Hassan, C. (2016). Social support, negative affectivity, and work personal life balance of academics. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 6(7), 500–504. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJSSH.2016.V6.699
Batthyány, K., Katzkowicz, S., & Scavino Solari, S. (2022). Género y teletrabajo: El caso de las trabajadoras del programa Uruguay Crece Contigo. Psicoperspectivas, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.5027/psicoperspectivas-Vol21-Issue3-fulltext-2600
Blackmore, J. (2024). Globalisation and education policy issues: Gender inequality and education—Changing local/global relations in a ‘post colonial’ world and the implications for feminist research. In J. Zajda (Ed.), Fourth International Handbook of Globalisation, Education and Policy Research (pp. 417–434). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67667-3_23
Cech, E. A., & Blair-Loy, M. (2014). Consequences of flexibility stigma among academic scientists and engineers. Work and Occupations, 41(1), 86–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888413515497
Cech, E. A., & Blair-Loy, M. (2019). The changing career trajectories of new parents in STEM. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(10), 4182–4187. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810862116
Chaudhuri, S., Arora, R., & Roy, P. (2020). Work–Life balance policies and organisational outcomes – a review of literature from the Indian context. Industrial and Commercial Training, 52(3), 155–170. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-01-2019-0003
Chung, H., & Van Der Lippe, T. (2020). Flexible Working, Work–Life Balance, and Gender Equality: Introduction. Social Indicators Research, 151(2), 365–381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-2025-x
Davies, J. (2022). Sedados: Cómo el Capitalismo Moderno Creó la Crisis de Salud Mental. Capitán Swing Libros.
De Klerk, M., Nel, J. A., & Koekemoer, E. (2012). Positive Side of the Work-Family Interface: A Theoretical Review. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 22(4), 683–690. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2012.10820588
Del Busso, L., Brottveit, G., Torp Løkkeberg, S., & Gluppe, G. (2022). Women’s embodied experiences of using wearable digital self-tracking health technology: A review of the qualitative research literature. Health Care for Women International, 43(12), 1355–1379. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2021.1884682
Deng, H., Lu, Y., Fan, D., Liu, W., & Xia, Y. (2024). The Power of Precision: How Algorithmic Monitoring and Performance Management Enhances Employee Workplace Well‐Being. New Technology, Work and Employment, ntwe.12328. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12328
Dén‐Nagy, I. (2014). A double‐edged sword?: A critical evaluation of the mobile phone in creating work–life balance. New Technology, Work and Employment, 29(2), 193–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12031
Denzin, N. K. (2001). The reflexive interview and a performative social science. Qualitative Research, 1(1), 23–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/146879410100100102
Dolezal, L., & Oikkonen, V. (2021). Introduction: Self-Tracking, Embodied Differences, and Intersectionality. Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.28968/cftt.v7i1.35273
Duan, S. X., Deng, H., & Wibowo, S. (2024). Technology Affordances for Enhancing Job Performance in Digital Work. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 64(2), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2023.2188497
Figueredo, J.-M., García-Ael, C., Gragnano, A., & Topa, G. (2020). Well-Being at Work after Return to Work (RTW): A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(20), 7490. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207490
Filippi, S., Yerkes, M., Bal, M., Hummel, B., & De Wit, J. (2024). (Un)deserving of work-life balance? A cross-country investigation of people’s attitudes towards work-life balance arrangements for parents and childfree employees. Community, Work & Family, 27(1), 116–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2022.2099247
Flick, U. (2014). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446282243
Foley, M., Cooper, R., Vromen, A., Lee, T., & Tapsell, A. (2024). ‘Everything now, all the time’: The connectivity paradox and gender equality in the legal profession. New Technology, Work and Employment, 39(3), 362–381. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12300
Franklin, G., Stephens, R., Piracha, M., Tiosano, S., Lehouillier, F., Koppel, R., & Elkin, P. (2024). The Sociodemographic Biases in Machine Learning Algorithms: A Biomedical Informatics Perspective. Life, 14(6), 652. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060652
Gaio Santos, G., & Cabral‐Cardoso, C. (2008). Work‐family culture in academia: A gendered view of work‐family conflict and coping strategies. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 23(6), 442–457. https://doi.org/10.1108/17542410810897553
Gerdon, F., Bach, R. L., Kern, C., & Kreuter, F. (2022). Social impacts of algorithmic decision-making: A research agenda for the social sciences. Big Data & Society, 9(1), 20539517221089305. https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221089305
Gibbs, G., Amo Martâin, T., & Blanco Castellano, M. del C. (2012). El análisis de datos cualitativos en investigación cualitativa. Ediciones Morata, S.L.
Gill, R., & Orgad, S. (2015). The confidence cult(ure). Australian Feminist Studies, 30(86), 324–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/08164649.2016.1148001
Gonzalez Navarro, F., Selva Olid, C., & Sunyer Torrents, A. (2022). The influence of total compensation on job satisfaction. Universitas Psychologica, 20. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy20.itcj
Griva, A., Chandra Kruse, L., Hattinger, M., Högberg, K., Pappas, I. O., & Conboy, K. (2025). Making space for time: Strategies for the design of time‐aware hybrid work. Information Systems Journal, 35(2), 611–645. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12552
Guerra‐Arrau, R., & Stecher, A. (2025). Work and gendered dimensions of recognition in the retail sector in Chile: Analyzing the experience of female cashiers in large supermarkets. Gender, Work & Organization, 32(2), 820–842. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.13187
Hochschild, A. R. (1997). The time bind: When work becomes home and home becomes work (1st ed). Metropolitan Books.
Ivancheva, M., Lynch, K., & Keating, K. (2019). Precarity, gender and care in the neoliberal academy. Gender, Work & Organization, 26(4), 448–462. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12350
Jenkins, K. (2020). Academic motherhood and fieldwork: Juggling time, emotions, and competing demands. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 45(3), 693–704. https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12376
Langford, P. H. (2010). Benchmarking work practices and outcomes in Australian universities using an employee survey. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 32(1), 41–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600800903440543
López Álvarez, P. (2023). El cuerpo expuesto. Implicaciones políticas de los procedimientos de subjetivación del trabajo. Bajo Palabra, 33, 23–48. https://doi.org/10.15366/bp2023.33.001
Lupton, D. (2020). Wearable Devices: Sociotechnical Imaginaries and Agential Capacities. In I. Pedersen & A. Iliadis (Eds.), Embodied Computing (pp. 49–70). The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/11564.003.0005
Mead, G., & Barbosa Neves, B. (2023). Contested delegation: Understanding critical public responses to algorithmic decision-making in the UK and Australia. The Sociological Review, 71(3), 601–623. https://doi.org/10.1177/00380261221105380
Pérez Orozco, A. (2019). Subversión feminista de la economía. Aportes para un debate sobre el conflicto capital-vida (4a edición). Traficantes de Sueños. https://traficantes.net/sites/default/files/pdfs/Subversi%C3%B3n%20feminista%20de%20la%20econom%C3%ADa_Traficantes%20de%20Sue%C3%B1os.pdf
Perlow, L. A. (1999). The Time Famine: Toward a Sociology of Work Time. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(1), 57–81. https://doi.org/10.2307/2667031
Petrovskaya, I. A., & Demchenko, V. S. (2024). Algorithmic Management: An Empirical Study. Lomonosov Economics Journal, 58(6), 109–132. https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0130-0105-6-58-6-7
Potter, J. (1998). Discursive Social Psychology: From Attitudes to Evaluative Practices. European Review of Social Psychology, 9(1), 233–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/14792779843000090
Prasopoulou, E., Pouloudi, A., & Panteli, N. (2006). Enacting new temporal boundaries: The role of mobile phones. European Journal of Information Systems, 15(3), 277–284. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000617
Raghavan, M., Barocas, S., Kleinberg, J., & Levy, K. (2020). Mitigating bias in algorithmic hiring: Evaluating claims and practices. Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 469–481. https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372828
Rashmi, K., & Kataria, A. (2022). Work–life balance: A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 42(11/12), 1028–1065. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-06-2021-0145
Sobral, T., Vieira Dos Santos, J., Giger, J.-C., & Teodósio, M. A. (2025). The Role of Management on Gender (in)Equality and Offensive Behaviors in Higher Education: Addressing Work-Life Balance Culture and Work-Family Conflict. European Education, 57(1), 29–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/10564934.2025.2479694
Suchman, L. (1994). Working relations of technology production and use. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 2(1–2), 21–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00749282
Towers, I., Duxbury, L., Higgins, C., & Thomas, J. (2006). Time thieves and space invaders: Technology, work and the organization. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 19(5), 593–618. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810610686076
Wajcman, J. (2009). The Gender Politics of Technology. In R. Goodin & C. Tilly (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Contextual Political Analysis (pp. 707–721). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199270439.003.0038
Yeung, K. (2018). Algorithmic regulation: A critical interrogation. Regulation & Governance, 12(4), 505–523. https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.12158
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Carla Fardella Cisternas, Nicolás Schöngut-Grollmus (Autor)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Los artículos serán publicados bajo licencia Creative Commons 4.0 Internacional. Los autores retienen todos sus derechos.