Participação infantil no sistema de proteção à infância na França: uma configuração dinâmica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5027/psicoperspectivas-Vol25-Issue2-fulltext-3728Palavras-chave:
França, participação infantil, proteção infantil, tomada de decisõesResumo
Através de uma abordagem dinâmica e contextual, a partir de um marco ecológico que conceitua a participação como um processo relacional, organizacional e temporal, examina-se a participação de crianças e adolescentes (C&A) no sistema francês de proteção à infância. Com base em uma pesquisa qualitativa longitudinal que combina observações etnográficas, entrevistas semiestruturadas com crianças e adolescentes, familiares e profissionais, e a análise de documentos institucionais, o estudo analisou a evolução das experiências de participação ao longo das intervenções de proteção e quais condições relacionais, organizacionais e temporais as facilitam ou limitam. Para exemplificar dinâmicas opostas — desde a falta de voz até a participação significativa, e desde a expressão das perspectivas das crianças até sua apropriação institucional —, são descritos dois casos contrastantes (Nina e Sami). Os resultados revelam três dinâmicas-chave: fragmentação dos processos de tomada de decisão, assimetria de informação entre as crianças e adolescentes e os profissionais, e a complexa mediação das perspectivas das crianças e adolescentes por meio de documentos profissionais e ambientes multiprofissionais. As conclusões destacam a necessidade de incorporar a participação na organização dos serviços, nos fluxos de informação e na capacitação dos profissionais de proteção à infância.
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